ReportCompetence Framework_DEF_19.06.2018

The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. [Project Number: 2017-1-SK01-KA204-035385] 2.4.4. SPAIN Governmental studies and programmes on professional guidance: At the central level, the role of government is to provide coordination and quality assurance of information and guidance services. Two different ministries are responsible for vocational training in Spain: on the one hand, the Ministry of Education, Social Policy and Sports and, on the other, the Ministry of Labor and Immigration. Both ministries have specific bodies that facilitate their coordination. The National Resource Center for Professional Guidance, which depends on the Ministry of Education, Social Policy and Sports, is the body responsible for promoting professional training in Spain, promoting cooperation between social and educational agents and providing professional guidance and information on the labor insertion to the Spanish Students that wish to study or work in European countries or to European citizens who wish to do it in Spain In addition, and under the same ministry, the INCUAL (Instituto Nacional de Cualificaciones/ National Institute of Qualifications) provides technical support to the General Council for Vocational Training, the body in charge of the organization of professional training that, in turn, depends on the Ministry of Labor and Immigration. At the level of the Autonomous Communities, the Regional Councils for Vocational Training coordinate the activities of all the parties involved (Regional Departments of Education and Employment). Academic studies on professional guidance: • Bisquerra, R. Praxis (1998): «Modelos de Orientación e Intervención Psicopedagógica». • Pérez Boullosa, A. y Blasco Calvo, Pilar (2001). Nau Llibres: «Orientación e Inserción Profesional: Fundamentos y Tendencias». • Fundación Tomillo (2003): «Orientación sociolaboral basada en itinerarios». • Junta de Castilla y León (2003): «Guía sobre Aspectos Generales para el Desarrollo de las Acciones de Orientación Laboral». • Garrido, L. (2010): «El impacto de la crisis sobre la desigualdad en el trabajo», Papeles de Economía Española. • Cueto, B., y P. Suárez (2011): «Formación para el empleo en España. ¿Quién se forma?», Moneda y Crédito. • Malo, M.A., y B. Cueto (2014): «Young employment in Spain: from the blockade of the labour market to the Youth Guarantee». • Requena, M. (2016): «El ascensor social. ¿Hasta qué punto una mejor educación garantiza una mejor posición social?», Observatorio Social de ”la Caixa”. • Informe InfoJobs ESADE (2016), «Estado del mercado laboral en España»